A vehicle assembly plant burns comparatively little fuel — no smelting or reforming — yet on-site Scope 1 + 2 runs about 0.6 tCO₂ per vehicle (≈92,000 tCO₂e/yr for a 150,000-unit plant), and the paint shop alone is ~80% of the gas and roughly half the total. That’s the footprint the operator controls — and where CFR clean-fuel credits, India CAFE compliance and the ZEV Catalyst programme turn abatement into revenue.
Our automotive-assembly white paper models a 150,000-vehicle plant across twenty levers. The order of abatement — and the economics — are not what most plants expect.
A plant emits only ~0.6 tCO₂ per vehicle on-site — yet the paint shop alone runs ~80% of the gas and about half of Scope 1+2. A credible plan is a paint-shop plan first.
An electric forklift fleet cuts only ~430 physical tonnes a year — but clean-fuel credits make it the most cash-positive project on the sheet: ~$229k/yr, payback under three years.
A COP-3.6 heat pump flips the paint line to net-saving at a carbon price most jurisdictions already exceed — while an electric boiler on a dirty grid can quietly add emissions.
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Plant-level roadmaps anchored on the paint shop — lever selection and sequencing, the dynamic MACC, and incentive capture across CFR clean-fuel credits, OBPS and grants.
Decarb Strategy →India CAFE-II/III strategy for OEMs — cost exposure, the five-year credit market, and how to turn fleet and powertrain choices into a compliant, financed pathway.
Explore the CAFE Series →One workflow across CFR credits, BC LCFS, CleanBC and provincial ZEV programs — accelerating fleet electrification and monetising the clean-fuel credits it generates.
Explore ZEV Catalyst →A seven-part series on India’s Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency regime — the mechanics, the OEM landscape, cost exposure and the five-year credit-market outlook.
India CAFE-II explained — the norm, the target, and how credits and penalties work.
Where each manufacturer sits against the norm — who is long, who is short.
Supply, demand and price for CAFE credits over the next five years.
What fleet electrification actually generates in CFR credits and revenue — five worked cases across sectors and provinces, with the assumptions that drive the answer.
Start with the white paper, then let our advisory team and TerraNova build the plant-specific version — paint-shop MACC, CFR credit stacking, CAFE strategy and the ZEV Catalyst workflow.