Pulp and paper consumes roughly 6% of global industrial energy yet emits only about 2% of industrial CO₂ — the gap is a biogenic fuel base that also makes it one of the few sectors that can go net-negative. Below: where mill emissions sit, the levers and incentive stack that fund them, and the tools to size both for your operation.
Reference numbers from our white paper’s hypothetical 200 kADt/yr North American kraft mill. Your mill will differ — that’s what the estimator below and TerraNova’s mill-level MRV are for.
Roughly 85% of fossil Scope 1 at the reference mill. This is where fuel switching, on-site biogas and kiln electrification decisions are won or lost.
At a typical North American grid factor — but 50–60 ktCO₂/yr on fossil-heavy grids. Grid region changes which levers clear the hurdle rate.
Not counted in fossil totals — and the sector’s most under-utilized opportunity: engineered removals (BECCS) at the recovery and biomass boilers.
Three papers, one reference mill, every number shown with its incentive stack — free to read, with the full white paper also available as a PDF.
The IEA sector pathway to 2050, mill emissions anatomy, the full marginal-abatement analysis with incentive stacking, and two build-ready case studies.
Read online →BECCS at the recovery boiler ($151/t plain MAC, break-even once the CCUS ITC and a removal offtake stack) and on-site biogas at the package boiler ($200/t plain, cleared by OBPS + CFR credits).
Read the short paper →How the sector pathway translates into near-term and net-zero targets, what counts toward them, and how biogenic carbon is treated in target accounting.
Read the SBTi guide →Pick your mill type and region: the tool surfaces the white paper’s two worked cases plus six library solutions matched to you. Click any project for its MAC build-up — how avoided carbon cost and credits make it feasible — then add projects to a plan and watch your emissions and savings move.
Mill type, region, volume, intensity and your 2030 target.
54 model-computed levers with MAC build-ups, credits and incentives.
Emissions, savings and position against benchmark and target.
Free · no sign-up to explore · computed by our mill model · best on desktop
The white paper shows why levers clear only when incentives stack. TerraNova runs that same analysis on your actual energy balance — continuously.
Site and corporate emission reporting across Scope 1, 2 and biogenic — boiler, kiln and recovery-line granularity.
Marginal abatement costs adjusted for OBPS, CFR credit classes, the CCUS ITC and removal offtakes — the stacking logic from the white paper, computed per project.
Best-fit regional projects — biogas, fuel switching, electrification, BECCS — sequenced against capital cycles and outage windows.
Incentive and compliance management plus regulatory updates and pricing — so the stack that made a project viable stays visible.
Mill-by-mill roadmaps that survive the CFO: lever sequencing, capital planning and incentive capture across OBPS, CFR and the CCUS ITC.
Decarb Strategy →Near-term and net-zero targets on the sector pathway, with biogenic accounting handled correctly from day one.
SBTi guide for pulp & paper →BECCS and biogas development support: credit-pathway selection, offtake structuring and verification — turning abatement into revenue.
Industrial carbon projects →Start with the white paper, pressure-test the estimator, then let TerraNova and our advisory team build the mill-specific version — MACC, incentives and all.